Professional Zakat
Namely the obligation of zakat for people who have income from other than those previously mentioned, such as doctors, drivers, private employees, civil servants, teachers, brokers and so on. Then their obligation to issue zakat 2.5% of the gross income earned. According to Yusuf Qardhawi, the calculation of professional zakat is divided in two ways:
1. Directly, zakat is calculated from 2.5% of gross income directly, whether paid monthly or annually. This method is more appropriate and fair for those whose sustenance has been extended by Allah.
Example:Someone with an income of IDR 3,000,000 per month is obliged to pay zakat in the amount of: 2.5% X 3,000,000 = IDR 75,000 per month or IDR 900,000 per year.
2. After deducting basic needs, zakat is calculated at 2.5% of salary after deducting basic needs. This method is more fairly applied by those whose income is mediocre.
Example:Someone with an income of Rp. 1,500,000, - with expenses for basic needs of Rp. 1,000,000 each month, is obliged to pay zakat in the amount of: 2.5% X (1,500,000-1,000,000) = Rp. 12,500 per month or Rp. 150,000, - per year.
In the Ahlul bait school this obligation is called khums, which is the obligation to issue 20% of the remaining (net) results of operations at the end of the year, which is determined by each person according to when he starts work or receives a salary.
So if someone starts his job on April 1, then every March 31 he must calculate the balance of his business, namely the remainder of his income after spending it for his living needs. That remaining 20% is issued on April 1 the next day.